As dogs age, their habits change, but if your senior dog is not eating and sleeping excessively, it can be cause for concern. These symptoms may indicate underlying health issues that require attention.
We outline the common causes of an old dog not eating and sleeping a lot, what you can do at home, and when to seek veterinary help.
Old Dog Not Eating and Sleeping a Lot — Why It Happens
When an old dog suddenly loses interest in food and starts sleeping more than usual, it’s often a sign that something deeper is going on. Age-related changes in metabolism, chronic pain, dental issues, or organ dysfunction can contribute to appetite loss and increased fatigue.
Hormonal imbalances, cognitive decline, or undiagnosed illnesses may also play a role. In some cases, medication side effects or environmental stressors can trigger these symptoms in senior dogs.
Common Causes of Old Dog Not Eating and Sleeping a Lot
Dental Disease
Dental problems are common in older dogs. Infected gums, broken teeth, or severe tartar buildup can make chewing painful.
Dogs with oral pain may stop eating their kibble or avoid food altogether. The discomfort can also make them more withdrawn and lethargic.
This is especially important in seniors, as chronic dental infections can also affect the heart, kidneys, and liver, worsening fatigue and illness.
Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease is prevalent in aging dogs. As the kidneys lose function, waste builds up in the bloodstream.
This toxic buildup often causes nausea, vomiting, and a significant decrease in appetite. Dogs may sleep more as their bodies struggle to maintain balance.
Left untreated, kidney disease can progress quickly and lead to severe dehydration and systemic failure.
Read more: Old Dog Breathing Heavy and Not Eating (Here’s why)
Cognitive Dysfunction (Canine Dementia)
Older dogs can suffer from cognitive dysfunction, which is similar to dementia in humans.
They may forget mealtimes, lose interest in food, or sleep at odd hours. You might notice confusion, pacing, or staring into corners.
Though this condition is not curable, early intervention and medication may slow its progression.
Heart Disease
As dogs age, the heart can weaken. Conditions like congestive heart failure cause fatigue and breathing difficulties.
These dogs may stop eating due to poor oxygen delivery and general discomfort. Their sleep increases as activity becomes more exhausting.
Swollen bellies, coughing, and exercise intolerance are additional clues that the heart may be involved.
Pain from Arthritis or Injury
Chronic pain from arthritis, old injuries, or spinal issues often makes senior dogs more sedentary.
If walking or standing to eat becomes painful, they may skip meals. They may also sleep more to avoid moving.
This can create a vicious cycle where the dog grows weaker from lack of food and activity.
Cancer
Sadly, cancer is a leading cause of appetite loss and increased sleep in older dogs.
Tumors can affect any organ, including the liver, spleen, or digestive tract. Internal cancers may cause vomiting, discomfort, or anemia, all of which contribute to lethargy.
Early detection is critical for management or potential treatment.
What to Do If Your Dog Is Old, Not Eating, and Sleeping a Lot
Start by offering soft, easily digestible food. Warm meals or adding low-sodium broth may help tempt their appetite.
Ensure your dog has a comfortable, quiet place to rest. Use orthopedic beds and keep water close by to reduce effort.
Monitor their weight, hydration, and behavior over a few days. Check their mouth for signs of dental pain or sores.
You can also review any recent medication changes or stressors in the environment.
If your dog refuses food for more than 24 hours or becomes increasingly weak, don’t wait to consult your vet.
When to Call or Visit Your Vet
You should contact your veterinarian right away if you notice:
Complete refusal to eat for over 24 hours
Vomiting, diarrhea, or signs of dehydration
Excessive panting, labored breathing, or coughing
Visible pain, limping, or stiff movement
Pale gums or signs of internal bleeding
Confusion, staring, or walking in circles
Rapid weight loss or bloated stomach
Old dogs can decline quickly. A prompt diagnosis can help extend their comfort and quality of life.
Read more: Old Dog Vomiting and Not Eating (What could be going on?)
Key Takeaway
When an old dog is not eating and sleeping more than usual, it’s often a sign of underlying health concerns.
From kidney disease to chronic pain or cognitive dysfunction, these symptoms shouldn’t be ignored.
Gentle home care can help temporarily, but a vet visit is essential if symptoms last more than a day.
Being proactive gives your senior dog the best chance at comfort and longer companionship.