When your senior dog refuses food, it can feel unsettling and heartbreaking. Older dogs may go off their food for many different reasons, ranging from age-related changes to serious health issues.
We outline the common causes of old dog not eating, what you can do at home, and when to seek veterinary help.
Old Dog Not Eating — Why It Happens
Older dogs may stop eating due to decreased appetite from aging, dental pain, illness, or emotional stress.
As dogs get older, their metabolism slows, and they often become pickier eaters. However, a sudden refusal to eat could point to problems like kidney disease, dental infections, or gastrointestinal discomfort.
In some cases, cognitive decline or anxiety may also be to blame. While some appetite reduction is normal in old age, complete food refusal shouldn’t be ignored.
Common Causes of Old Dog Not Eating
Dental Disease
Dental problems are a leading reason older dogs stop eating.
Tooth decay, gum infections, or loose teeth can make chewing painful. Your dog may approach the food bowl eagerly but then back away, drool, or paw at their mouth. Dental pain can make eating dry kibble especially difficult. Left untreated, oral infections can spread and worsen systemic health.
Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in aging dogs and can cause appetite loss.
As kidney function declines, waste products build up in the blood, leading to nausea and general malaise.
Your dog may also seem tired, drink more water, or urinate more frequently. If kidney issues are suspected, your vet will likely recommend bloodwork and a special renal diet.
Liver Disease
Liver problems can reduce appetite and energy levels.
Signs often include vomiting, yellow-tinged eyes or gums (jaundice), and weight loss.
The liver plays a key role in digestion and detoxification, so when it’s impaired, your dog may feel too unwell to eat.
Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to support liver function.
Read more: Old Dog Breathing Heavy and Not Eating (Here’s why)
Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (Doggy Dementia)
Just like people, older dogs can experience cognitive decline.
Dogs with cognitive dysfunction may forget where their food bowl is, feel confused at mealtimes, or lose interest in food altogether. Other signs include disrupted sleep, aimless pacing, or staring into corners. While not curable, symptoms can often be managed with diet changes and supplements.
Cancer
Cancer becomes more common with age and can lead to appetite loss.
This could be due to pain, internal tumors, or the effects of chemotherapy. Weight loss, vomiting, or noticeable lumps may accompany your dog’s refusal to eat. Early diagnosis gives your dog the best chance of comfort and quality of life.
Joint Pain or Arthritis
Even if your dog is hungry, pain from arthritis can make eating difficult.
They may avoid the food bowl if it’s on a slippery surface or at an uncomfortable height. You might also notice stiffness, limping, or reluctance to get up. Managing joint pain can improve your dog’s mobility and interest in eating.
What to Do If Your Dog Is Old and Not Eating
Start by assessing your dog’s overall behavior. Are they still drinking water? Do they respond to treats or show interest in favorite foods? Offering warm, soft meals or hand-feeding may help entice them to eat. You can also try adding low-sodium broth, baby food (no onion or garlic), or canned dog food to their regular meals.
Check your dog’s mouth for visible signs of dental issues like tartar buildup, bad breath, or swelling. If your dog has arthritis, make sure their food bowl is elevated and easily accessible. Sometimes changing the environment—feeding in a quieter spot or on a non-slip mat—can make a difference.
Appetite stimulants or veterinary-prescribed diets may be helpful in some cases, but these should only be used under professional guidance. If your dog misses more than a meal or two, especially if other symptoms are present, don’t delay a vet consultation.
When to Call or Visit Your Vet
If your senior dog refuses food for more than 24–36 hours, it’s time to call your vet.
Watch for additional warning signs such as:
Vomiting or diarrhea
Weight loss
Lethargy or weakness
Bad breath or mouth swelling
Labored breathing
Increased thirst or urination
Older dogs can deteriorate quickly without proper nutrition and hydration. Your vet can perform a full physical exam and recommend bloodwork, dental checks, or imaging to determine the cause.
Read more: Dog Shaking and Not Eating (Know what it means)
Key Takeaway
An old dog not eating may be facing anything from dental issues to serious internal disease.
Never assume it’s just part of aging. Monitor your dog closely, offer soft and tempting foods, and make their eating experience as comfortable as possible. If your dog skips meals or acts off, consult your vet promptly. Quick action can help ease discomfort, diagnose underlying issues, and support your senior dog’s well-being.