A dog with a constant hacking cough can be distressing for any dog owner to witness. The sound may resemble gagging, choking, or even retching, and it often raises fears of something stuck in the throat or a serious illness.
We outline the common causes of a constant hacking cough in dogs, what you can do at home, and when to seek veterinary help.
Dog Constant Hacking Cough — Why It Happens
A constant hacking cough in dogs usually signals irritation or inflammation in the airways or lungs. It can stem from respiratory infections like kennel cough, heart disease, foreign objects lodged in the throat, allergies, or even more serious issues such as collapsing trachea.
In some cases, the cough may be temporary and related to minor irritants, but persistent or worsening coughing often points to an underlying condition that needs veterinary attention.
Dog Constant Hacking Cough: Common Causes
Kennel Cough
Kennel cough is one of the most frequent causes of a hacking cough in dogs. This contagious respiratory infection is caused by bacteria and viruses, and it spreads easily in places like boarding facilities, dog parks, or grooming salons.
The cough often sounds like a honking or hacking noise, sometimes followed by retching as if the dog is trying to clear their throat. Dogs may otherwise appear healthy, though some develop nasal discharge, sneezing, or mild lethargy.
While kennel cough can clear on its own in mild cases, it can worsen, especially in puppies, senior dogs, or those with weak immune systems. Veterinary treatment may include cough suppressants, antibiotics, or supportive care.
Read more: Dog Constantly Hacking and Coughing (When it’s time to worry)
Collapsing Trachea
A collapsing trachea is a structural problem often seen in small breeds such as Yorkies, Chihuahuas, and Pomeranians. The trachea, or windpipe, loses its rigidity, causing it to collapse during breathing and trigger a harsh, honking cough.
The cough is often worse when the dog is excited, pulling on the leash, or after eating and drinking. In more advanced cases, dogs may struggle with exercise intolerance or difficulty breathing.
This is a chronic condition that requires long-term management. Treatment may include medications to reduce coughing and inflammation, weight control, and in severe cases, surgical intervention.
Heart Disease
Heart disease, particularly congestive heart failure, can cause fluid to build up around the lungs, leading to a persistent hacking or wet-sounding cough. This type of cough is often worse at night or when the dog is lying down.
Owners may also notice other signs such as lethargy, decreased stamina, and difficulty breathing. Some dogs develop a swollen belly due to fluid retention.
Because untreated heart disease can rapidly worsen, any dog with a hacking cough combined with signs of fatigue or breathing trouble should be evaluated by a vet right away.
Foreign Object or Throat Irritation
Sometimes a constant hacking cough is triggered by something as simple as a foreign body lodged in the throat. Grass awns, small sticks, or even bits of food can cause ongoing irritation that makes a dog cough repeatedly.
The cough may seem sudden and severe, often accompanied by gagging, drooling, or pawing at the mouth. In some cases, the dog may appear panicked or unable to settle.
Because airway obstructions can quickly become life-threatening, prompt veterinary attention is critical if you suspect something is stuck in your dog’s throat.
Allergies and Environmental Irritants
Just like people, dogs can react to pollen, dust, smoke, or mold with respiratory symptoms. A hacking cough triggered by allergies is often seasonal or linked to a specific environment.
In addition to coughing, dogs may sneeze, have watery eyes, or scratch at itchy skin. The cough tends to be drier and less severe than that caused by infections or heart disease, but it can still affect a dog’s comfort and quality of life.
Reducing exposure to allergens, using air filters, and working with your vet on antihistamine or anti-inflammatory options can help manage symptoms.
Pneumonia
Pneumonia, or infection of the lungs, can cause a hacking cough that sounds moist and productive. Dogs with pneumonia are often visibly unwell, showing fever, lethargy, rapid breathing, and loss of appetite.
This condition is serious and can progress quickly without treatment. Pneumonia often requires hospitalization, intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and oxygen support.
If your dog has a hacking cough along with signs of systemic illness, seek veterinary help immediately.
What to Do If Your Dog Has a Constant Hacking Cough
If your dog has a constant hacking cough, first try to keep them calm and comfortable. Excitement or vigorous activity can make the coughing worse, so providing a quiet space can help.
Ensure your dog has access to fresh water, as hydration soothes irritated airways. Using a humidifier in the home can also ease breathing, especially during dry weather.
If you suspect kennel cough and your dog otherwise seems healthy, you may monitor them at home for a few days. However, if symptoms worsen or your dog is a puppy, senior, or has a preexisting health condition, call your vet sooner.
Avoid using collars that put pressure on the throat, especially if your dog has a history of tracheal sensitivity. Switching to a harness can reduce irritation and make breathing easier.
Remember, while supportive care at home can provide comfort, a hacking cough that persists longer than a few days should always be checked by a veterinarian.
When to Call or Visit Your Vet
A constant hacking cough should not be ignored, especially if it comes with other troubling signs. If your dog is coughing frequently, struggling to breathe, or showing signs of distress, call your vet right away.
Seek immediate care if your dog’s cough is accompanied by lethargy, fever, blue gums, wheezing, or sudden collapse. These symptoms may indicate pneumonia, severe airway obstruction, or heart failure.
Even if the cough seems mild, any hacking that lasts for more than a week should be evaluated to rule out underlying conditions. Early intervention not only relieves discomfort but also prevents more serious complications.
Read more: Dog Constantly Hacking (Explained)
Key Takeaway
A dog with a constant hacking cough may simply be reacting to mild throat irritation, but it could also signal more serious health conditions such as kennel cough, collapsing trachea, pneumonia, or heart disease.
If your dog’s cough is persistent, worsening, or paired with other symptoms, don’t wait to get professional help.
Your veterinarian can identify the cause and provide the right treatment plan, ensuring your dog’s health and comfort are protected.