When your dog starts sneezing and gagging, it can be alarming to watch. While an occasional sneeze or gag may be harmless, frequent or persistent episodes can point to underlying health concerns that need attention.
We outline the possible causes of dog sneezing and gagging, what you can do at home, and when to seek veterinary help.
Dog Sneezing and Gagging — Why It Happens
Dogs may sneeze and gag due to a variety of issues affecting their nose, throat, or respiratory system. Common reasons include nasal irritants like dust or pollen, respiratory infections, allergies, kennel cough, or even something lodged in the airway.
Dental disease, collapsing trachea, and more serious conditions like tumors can also cause these symptoms. Because sneezing and gagging affect breathing, it’s important not to ignore them.
Dog Sneezing and Gagging: Possible Causes
Respiratory Infections
Respiratory infections, such as canine influenza or bronchitis, can cause both sneezing and gagging. Infections inflame the nasal passages and throat, leading to irritation that triggers sneezing fits.
Owners may notice coughing, runny nose, watery eyes, and lethargy alongside sneezing and gagging.
Since infections can worsen without treatment, especially in puppies or older dogs, prompt veterinary care is essential.
Read more: Dog Sneezing and Wheezing (Why it happens)
Kennel Cough
Kennel cough is a highly contagious respiratory condition that leads to persistent coughing and gagging, often sounding like a “honking” noise. Dogs with kennel cough may also sneeze due to throat irritation and airway inflammation.
This illness is especially common in dogs that have recently been in boarding facilities, grooming salons, or dog parks. While some cases are mild, others can develop into pneumonia, particularly in young or immunocompromised dogs.
Allergies
Just like people, dogs can develop allergies to pollen, mold, dust, or even certain foods. Allergic reactions often lead to sneezing, itchy skin, watery eyes, and in some cases, gagging due to postnasal drip.
Seasonal allergies are especially common, and dogs may show increased symptoms during spring and fall. If your dog frequently sneezes and gags during certain times of year, allergies could be the culprit.
Foreign Objects
A blade of grass, seed, or small object stuck in the nose or throat can cause repeated sneezing and gagging. Dogs love to sniff and explore, which makes them more prone to inhaling foreign matter.
In these cases, dogs may paw at their face, have difficulty swallowing, or show sudden distress. Foreign objects can quickly become dangerous if they block the airway, making immediate veterinary attention crucial.
Dental Disease
Tooth infections or gum disease can spread bacteria into the sinuses, leading to sneezing, nasal discharge, and even gagging. Bad breath, drooling, or difficulty eating often accompany dental problems.
Since untreated dental disease can lead to systemic infections affecting the heart and kidneys, sneezing and gagging linked to oral issues should not be ignored.
Collapsing Trachea
Small-breed dogs are especially prone to collapsing trachea, a condition where the windpipe narrows during breathing. This can cause honking coughs, gagging, and sometimes sneezing fits.
Symptoms often worsen with excitement, exercise, or when pulling on a collar. While it can often be managed with medication, severe cases may require surgical intervention.
What to Do If Your Dog Is Sneezing and Gagging
At home, you can help by keeping your dog away from smoke, dust, or strong cleaning chemicals that may irritate their airways. Ensure their environment is well-ventilated and use a humidifier if the air is very dry.
For mild allergy cases, wiping your dog’s paws and fur after outdoor walks can reduce pollen exposure. Providing fresh water and soft food can ease throat irritation if gagging is frequent.
If you suspect kennel cough, keep your dog isolated from other pets until cleared by a vet, as it spreads quickly. Regular dental checkups and brushing can also prevent oral issues that lead to sneezing and gagging.
When to Call or Visit Your Vet
If your dog’s sneezing and gagging are persistent, worsening, or accompanied by other symptoms, it’s best to contact your veterinarian.
Seek immediate help if your dog is struggling to breathe, has blue-tinged gums, collapses, or shows signs of choking. These can be life-threatening emergencies.
Other concerning signs include fever, bloody nasal discharge, loss of appetite, or lethargy. These symptoms may point to infections, foreign objects, or more serious health conditions that need professional care.
Read more: Dog Sneezing and Coughing (When to worry)
Key Takeaway
Dog sneezing and gagging can be caused by anything from mild allergies to serious respiratory infections or airway problems.
While occasional episodes may not be alarming, repeated or severe symptoms should always be taken seriously.
By monitoring your dog closely, reducing irritants at home, and seeking veterinary guidance when necessary, you can help keep your dog safe, comfortable, and breathing easily.